![]() These include electromagnetic waves, e.g., gamma and X-rays, and particle radiation, such as electron, proton, carbon ion, and neutron beam treatment. Presently, various types of radiation treatments are used to treat cancers. KeywordsBrachytherapy, Radioisotope, Three-dimensional imaging, Image guidance, Intensity modulation Intensity-modulated brachytherapy is anticipated to be performed in the near future, and it is anticipated that the treatment outcomes of applicable cancers will be greatly improved by this treatment’s excellent dose delivery characteristics. Three-dimensional images, such as ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography are used for accurate delineation of treatment targets and normal organs. Recently, advanced treatment techniques used in EBRT, such as image guidance and intensity modulation techniques, have been applied to brachytherapy. As radioisotopes have high radioactivity and miniature size, the application of brachytherapy has expanded to high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Over time, however, various radioisotopes have been artificially produced. ![]() In the early 1900s, the radioisotopes used for brachytherapy were only radium or radon isotopes extracted from nature. Brachytherapy has a long history of more than 100 years. Because these isotopes can be positioned inside or near the tumor, it is possible to protect other organs around the tumor while delivering an extremely high-dose of treatment to the tumor. In brachytherapy, in contrast to EBRT, the radiation source is radioisotopes. Brachytherapy, along with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), is an essential and effective radiation treatment process.
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